How John Albert Burr Innovated Modern Lawn Mowing

If you have a manual push mower today, it likely uses design elements from 19th Century black American inventor John Albert Burrs patented rotary blade lawn mower. On May 9, 1899, John Albert Burr patented an improved rotary blade lawn mower. Burr designed a lawn mower with traction wheels and a rotary blade that was designed to not easily get plugged up from lawn clippings. John Albert Burr also improved the design of lawn mowers by making it possible to mow closer to building and wall edges. You can view U.S. patent 624,749 issued to John Albert Burr. Life of an Inventor John Burr was born in Maryland in 1848, and was thus a teenager during the Civil War. His parents were slaves who were later freed, and he may also have been a slave until Emancipation which happened when he was 17. He didnt escape from manual labor, though, has he worked as a field hand during his teenage years. But his talent was recognized and wealthy black activists ensured he was able to attend engineering classes at a private university. He put his mechanical skills to work making a living repairing and servicing farm equipment and other machines. He moved to Chicago and also worked as a steelworker.  When he filed his patent for the rotary mower in 1898, he was living in Agawam, Massachusetts. The Rotary Lawn Mower The object of my invention is to provide a casing which wholly  encloses  the  operating gearing  so as to prevent it from becoming choked by the grass or clogged by obstructions of any kind, reads the patent application. Burrs rotary lawn mower design helped reduce the irritating clogs of clippings that are the bane of manual mowers. It was also more maneuverable and could be used for closer clipping around objects such as posts and buildings. His patent diagram clearly shows a design that is very familiar for manual rotary mowers today. Powered mowers for home use were still decades away. As lawns become smaller in many newer neighborhoods, many people are returning to manual rotary mowers like Burrs design. Burr continued to patent improvements to his design. He also designed devices for mulching clippings, sifting, and dispersing them. Todays mulching power mowers may be part of his legacy, returning nutrients to the turf rather than bagging them for compost or disposal. In this way, his inventions helped save labor and were also good for the grass. He held over 30 U.S. patents for lawn care and agricultural inventions. Later Life Burr enjoyed the fruits of his success. Unlike many inventors who never see their designs commercialized, or soon lose any benefits, he received royalties for his creations. He enjoyed traveling and lecturing. He lived a long life and died in 1926 of influenza at age 78.   Next time you mow the lawn, acknowledge the inventor who made the task a little easier. Sources and Further Information Ikenson, Ben. Patents: Ingenious Inventions How They Work and How They Came to Be. Running Press, 2012.  Ngeow, Evelyn, ed. Inventors and Inventions, Volume 1. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 2008.

A New Proposition On Animal Farm - 867 Words

Anubhab Roy Mr. Buonadonna Honors English 1, period 1 12/5/16 4. Introduce and sell a new proposition on Animal Farm My fellow animals (plain folk pathos), it brings me great pleasure to announce a new project ordered by our glorious leader Napoleon. It is something he likes to call a â€Å"Jiotin.† The purpose of this is to cut our vegetables and wheat without wasting effort, time, or food (lie logos). Comrades, it has come to our (we the pigs’) attention that there seems to be a bit of a rations problem (card stacking euphemism logos). It is impossible there is not enough food! The amount of hard work we pigs do to ensure the survival of animal farm would never lead to a lack of food. (Appeal to incredulity logos). Keep in mind comrades, that food is not scarce; rather it is not being gathered, prepared, and distributed quickly enough; food is much more plentiful than it was before the revolution (unfalsifiability logos), and I hope you have not forgotten the hardships we had to endure during Jones’s reign. The starvation of children separated from their mothers, crying after realizing their eminent death, the butchering of animals in the slaughterhouse, the killing of old dogs in the lake, hearing their last howl. (Powerful images inflated language pathos). It is impossible there is not enough food! The amount of hard work we pigs do to ensure the survival of animal farm would never lead to a lack of food. (Appeal to incredulity logos) Napoleon promises that this will beShow MoreRelatedCan The Human Methods Of Slaughter Act And The Prop 2 Standards1480 Words   |  6 PagesSlaughter Act and the Prop 2 Standards for Confining Farm Animals Protect Farm Animals from Inhumane Treatment? 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Analysis of Mental Health Condition Free Sample for Students

Question: Discuss about the Healthcare Professionals. Answer: Healthcare Professionals: Psychologists provide pharmacological intervention by undertaking analysis of mental health condition and are divided at two levels of clinical psychologists and school psychologists. Psychotherapy is a process of remedial treatment maintaining the well being of the patient with the help of communication (Turner, Sanders Hodge, 2014). This therapy undertakes evidence-based analysis of the mental conditions suffered by the patient. Furthermore, psychoanalysis is a technique based on the evidence-based therapeutic treatment of comatose mind. The psychotherapy and psychoanalysis are two different techniques that are undertaken by psychologists and psychiatrists. Social workers such as clinical, mental health, drug abuse or licensed professional can provide their inputs for the optimal treatment (Chan Thomas, 2015). Doctors such as neurologists, naturopaths and others help in treatment of the specific mental condition. Mental health nurses are specifically trained to provide pharmacolo gical and non-pharmacological interventions to such patients. Different counsellors such as licensed professional counsellors, clinical counsellors, pastoral counsellors and others work for the treatment of the patient. Psychiatrists undertake medical treatment by diagnosing, case studying, providing optimal remedial treatment solution. A psychiatrist undertakes different measures such as positron emission tomography (PET), computerized tomography scan (CT scan) and other processes for the evaluation of the mental condition. General physician undertakes and evaluated overall condition of the patient in accordance with the signs and symptoms shown (Skovholt Trotter, 2014). Restrictions on effective regulation of courses: There are different restrictions among healthcare professionals in term of physical, social, time, mental, geographical and cultural barriers that prevents optimal regulation of these free courses further affecting the quality of treatment by healthcare professionals to mental patients. Some of these restrictions are: Time is one of the prevalent barriers because healthcare professionals are already busy with their existing schedule and taking time for such courses becomes really tough for them. Besides this, they are also busy in their social and personal life and do not like to hinder their private life (Lewis Garton, 2017). Odd timing of the conduction of skill development program is also another issue. Free course must be organised in keeping the schedule of the healthcare professionals in mind. Besides this, the timing of classes must also be in accordance with the schedule in order to incorporate maximum number of participants (Lewis Garton, 2017). Physical barrier can restrict the healthcare professionals from undertaking the course due to their physical disability. The examples can be incompetent towards course due to restricted physical movements of any body part. Such healthcare professionals will not be able to attend the course located at the odd location in respect to their disability. Example of this can be healthcare professionals on wheelchair will have accessibility issue of going to a far location or high number floor of a building where the course location has been selected (Gibson et al., 2015). Lack of physical coordination among healthcare professionals and the organisers can also be a prevalent reason. Such physical discord also prevents in providing effective information on the course schedule to the healthcare professionals. Additionally, for free courses participants must be selected who are in the condition of understanding the non-invasive method of creative therapies. Furthermore, restrictions must be undertaken for people who lacks cognitive skills or not able of being alert during entire course. Free courses must target such professionals who are either physically disabled or not but mentally stable in order to instil effective awareness and enhanced practices. Furthermore, effective communication must occur between the healthcare professionals and the organizers for the breaching of such physical discord (Gibson et al., 2015). Geographical location is also one of the prevalent barriers when the healthcare professionals cannot easily access the free courses due to its inappropriate locations. The examples can be large distance between the location of the healthcare professional and the chosen place of course, rural or distant location of the course setting. Geographical location becomes a barrier when the chosen course location is one city such as Melbourne or other and the residing city of the healthcare professional is different such as Sydney. These courses are free and do not provide any remunerations to the professionals (Spence et al., 2016). Location can also be barrier if both course and professionals are residing in same city. This can occur due to certain factors such as heavy traffic, inaccessible route and long distance. The free courses must be centrally located in the city in order to be easily accessible by all healthcare professionals of the same city. Furthermore, such courses must be city oriented so that any healthcare professional does not have to travel to different city bearing the expenses as well (Spence et al., 2016). Social and cultural barriers restricts professional from attending the course due to their upbringing, their thinking and views towards medical practices. This includes examples such as alertness towards illness ideology of professional that may prevent him to embark on the psychosocial practices. The healthcare professionals may compel the organisers for the selection of healthcare professional with same cultural background in order to prevent challenging their inter and intra personal communication capabilities (Burmeister et al., 2016). Difference in medical practising beliefs also prevents the healthcare professionals from attending such courses. These beliefs formulates on the basis of experience and prevailing social stigma. The professional may get reluctant in providing music therapy, art therapy and massages to the patient as a part of treatment. The free course must create awareness on these prevailing issues and must determine that effective treatment do not depend on these factors. Besides this, effective group of carers, interns and volunteers must work altogether effectively for the regulation of these free courses at a large extent (Burmeister et al., 2016). Mental barriers include examples such as predetermined mind set and ignorance towards the importance of effective skills. A predetermined notions towards disease such as dementia will affect the remedial treatment on the basis of experiences and practices of professionals in terms of their preference towards pharmacological interventions (Andrade et al., 2014). Healthcare professionals get reluctant in undertaking different practices of creative therapy for the treatment of patients suffering from mental conditions. The example of this can be psychological reluctance towards invasive treatment as a new methodology for providing relief. The creative therapy is non-invasive and reluctance can be shown towards learning the new therapies related to it. The free courses can help in minimizing such mental barriers with the help of effective one on one counselling and further providing effective awareness in order to change the mental sight towards creative therapies (Andrade et al., 2014). References: Andrade, L. H., Alonso, J., Mneimneh, Z., Wells, J. E., Al-Hamzawi, A., Borges, G., ... Florescu, S. (2014). Barriers to mental health treatment: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys.Psychological medicine,44(06), 1303-1317. Burmeister, O. K., Burmeister, O. K., Marks, E., Marks, E. (2016). Rural and remote communities, technology and mental health recovery.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,14(2), 170-181. Chan, F., Thomas, K. R. (Eds.). (2015).Counseling Theories and Techniques for Rehabilitation and Mental Health Professionals. Springer Publishing Company. Gibson, O., Lisy, K., Davy, C., Aromataris, E., Kite, E., Lockwood, C., ... Brown, A. (2015). Enablers and barriers to the implementation of primary health care interventions for Indigenous people with chronic diseases: a systematic review.Implementation Science,10(1), 71. Lewis, M., Garton, S. (2017). Mental Health in Australia, 17882015: A History of Responses to Cultural and Social Challenges. InMental Health in Asia and the Pacific(pp. 289-313). Springer US. Skovholt, T. M., Trotter-Mathison, M. (2014).The resilient practitioner: Burnout prevention and self-care strategies for counselors, therapists, teachers, and health professionals. Routledge. Spence, N. D., Wells, S., Graham, K., George, J. (2016). Racial discrimination, cultural resilience, and stress.The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry,61(5), 298-307. Turner, K. M., Sanders, M. R., Hodge, L. (2014). Issues in Professional Training to Implement Evidence?based Parenting Programs: The Preferences of Indigenous Practitioners.Australian Psychologist,49(6), 384-394.

Auntobiographical Incident My Shahada Essay Example For Students

Auntobiographical Incident My Shahada Essay As I started my new job, I notice that my boss was Muslim. I have always been intrigue towards Islam but I was afraid to look into it due to all the bad reputation it has been given by this country. And of course being born Catholic didn’t help either in being scared of my parents of what they would think. I eventually started listening and seeing my boss pray. I thought it was so beautiful. Little after I started my new job, I met my husband now, Aziz online. He too is Muslim. We became really good friends, I started asking him questions about Islam and the more I knew the more I wanted to know. Something new started to burn inside of me, it was like if I was lost and I was finally being found. That feeling when you have been in a long trip and you’re just happy to be back home. I had never felt this way towards anything or anyone. Aziz was the one who answered all my questions and he guided me to online website about Islam. In my own secrecy I would read the Koran which is the Muslim book sent my God. I would go to the Mosque with my boss. The Mosque is the Muslims place of prayer. I was afraid what my family would think if they found out but eventually I didn’t care. Four months had pass since I started researching Islam and I had finally decided that I was no longer going to hide about my passion towards GOD! And Islam. I wanted to surprise Aziz by telling him that I had return (converted) to Islam. I asked my boss if he could guide me on how and what I needed to do to return to Islam. I wanted this with all my heart, I wanted to go back home. My boss was really nice in guiding me on how to convert. He bought me my very first Koran and a couple of other Islamic books. April of 2008 my boss took me to the Mosque and told the Imam that I wanted to do my shahada. An Imam is the person who leads prayers in a mosque and the shahada is the Muslim profession of faith (â€Å"there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah†). I did my shahada that very same day and it was the most beautiful experience I had ever experienced. The same day I did my shahada I went online and I told Aziz that I had converted to Islam Alhamdulillah. Alhamdulillah is an Arabic phrase meaning Praise to God. Aziz was so happy for me a few months after my shahada Aziz propose to me and I accepted. Six years have passed since I returned to Islam and I can honestly say my life has never been better Alhamdulillah! I am married to my best friend, I have two wonderful children, we have our daily aches and pains but ALHAMDULILLAH! We have each other and we have God to thank for.